Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………….. IV
Dedication ………………………………………………………………………………….. V
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………… VI
List of Tables ………………………………………………………………….……… IX
List of Figures ……………………………………………………………………….. XI
Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………….. 1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION  
1.1. Introduction …………………………………………………………..……….. 3
1.2. Statement of the problem ……………………………………………………… 7
1.3. Research Questions ……………………………………………….…………. 8
1.4. Research Hypotheses ……………………………………………..………… 8
1.5. Definition of important terms ……………………………..………………. 9
1.6. Significance and Justification of the study……………………..……….. 10
1.7. Limitations and Delimitation …………………………………………..….. 11
1.8. Purpose of the study……………………………………………….…………                                                                                     12
CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE  
2.1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………..……. 16
2.2. Researches Relate to Recast …………..……………………………………. 16
   2.2.1. Theoretical Background of Recast ……………………………………   16
   2.2.2. Problems Remaining …………………………………………………….. 17
     2.2.2.1. The Definition of Recast …………………………………………….. 17
     2.2.2.2. Theoretical Value of Recast ……………………………………….. 22
     2.2.2.3. Practical advantages of Recast ………………………….………… 22
     2.2.2.4. Disadvantages of Recasts ………………………………….……….. 22
     2.2.2.5. Ambiguity of Recast ………………………………………………… 22
   2.2.3. Different types of Recasts …………………………………………..….. 23
   2.2.4. Claimed Implicitness of Recast ……………………………………….. 24
   2.2.5. Research Rationale ……………………………………………………… 25
   2.2.6. Recast in second and foreign language acquisition research ….. 26
   2.2.7. Empirical Studies ………………………………………………………… 30
     2.2.7.1. Descriptive Studies …………………………….….…………………. 30
     2.2.7.2. Experimental Studies …………………………………………….…. 31
2.3. Researches Related to Metalinguistic Feedback ………………..….… 33
   2.3.1. Categories of Metalinguistic Feedback ………………………………. 33
     2.3.1.1. Syntactic Awareness ………………………..……………………….. 34
     2.3.1.2. Pragmatic Awareness …………………………………….………… 37
   2.3.2. Definition of Metalinguistic Feedback …………..………………….. 42
   2.3.3. Major Studies On Metalinguistic Feedback …………….………… 44
2.4. Researches Related to Pronunciation …………………………………… 46
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY  
3.1. Introduction ………………………………………………..…………………. 48
3.2. Participants ……………………..……………………………………………..   49
3.3. Instrumentation ……………………………………………………………… 49
   3.3.1. Recast and Metalinguistic Feedback Questionnaire ………….… 50
3.4. Population and Sampling ……………………………………..…………… 51
3.5. Design …………………………………………………………………………… 52
3.6. Procedure and Data Collection ……………………….…………………… 52
3.7. Data Analysis ………………………………………………………………….. 53
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS  
4.1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………… 55
4.2. Restatement of the Research Questions and Hypotheses ………..… 55
4.3. Result of the description …………………………………………………… 56
4.4. Descriptive Statistics of frequencies procedures …………………..… 59
4.5. Test of Normality according to the questionnaire scores ………….. 66
4.6. Descriptive Statistics according to the selected options …………….. 68
4.7. Population Pyramids ……………………………………………………….. 71
4.8. Pie Chart …………………………………………..……….……..…………… 72
4.9. Bar Chart ……………………………………………………………………… 75
4.10. Frequency Tables …………………………………………………………………… 76
4.11. Analysis of the data related to the Research1st &2nd hypotheses 91
4.12. Friedman Test …….………………………………………………..……….. 92
4.13. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test …………………….……………………… 93
4.14. Analysis of the data related to the Research 3rd hypothesis ………. 95

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION and 

RECOMMENDATION

  
5.1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………… 97
5.2. Discussion and Conclusion ………………………………………………… 97
5.3. Implication ………………………………………………………………….… 104
5.4. Recommendation ………………………………………………………..…… 106
Appendices  
Appendix A: Belief Questionnaire ………………………….………………… 109
Appendix B: Assessment …………………………………….……………….…. 113
Appendix C: Pilot Data …………………………….………………..………….. 114
Appendix D: Pilot Statistics …………………….……….……………..……….. 117
Appendix E: Questionnaire Data ………………………………………….…… 118
Appendix F: Questionnaire Scores ……………………………………….…… 127
References …………………………………………………………………………….. 128
Abstract in Farsi …………………………………………………………………….. 136

 

LIST OF TABLES

 

 

 

 

مقالات و پایان نامه ارشد

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

یک مطلب دیگر :

دانلود پایان نامه روانشناسی با موضوع رفتار شهروندی

 

Table 2.1: Definition of Recast ……………………………………………………. 17
Table 4.1: Reliability Statistics of the questionnaire ……………………………… 56
Table 4.2. Rotated Component Matrix ………………..…………………………… 57
Table 4.3: Reliability Statistics of the first ten questionnaire …………………… 58
Table 4.4: Reliability Statistics of the second ten questionnaire ………………… 59
Table 4.5: Reliability Statistics of the third ten questionnaire ………….………. 59
Table 4.6: Descriptive Statistics of 3 groups of the questions …………………… 60
Table 4.7: Tests of Normality according to the scores …………………………… 66
Table 4.8: Statistics of questions 1-10……………………………..………………. 68
Table 4.9: Statistics of questions 11-20……………………………………………. 68
Table 4.10: Statistics of questions 21-30 …………………………..……………… 68
Table 4.11: Q1 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 76
Table 4.12: Q2 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 77
Table 4.13: Q3 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 77
Table 4.14: Q4 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 78
Table 4.15: Q5 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 78
Table 4.16: Q6 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 79
Table 4.17: Q7 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 79
Table 4.18: Q8 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 80
Table 4.19: Q9 Frequency ………………………………………………………… 80
Table 4.20: Q10 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 81
Table 4.21: Q11 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 81
Table 4.22: Q12 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 82
Table 4.23: Q13 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 82
Table 4.24: Q14 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 83
Table 4.25: Q15 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 83
Table 4.26: Q16 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 84
Table 4.27: Q17 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 84
Table 4.28: Q18 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 85
Table 4.29: Q19 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 85
Table 4.30: Q20 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 86
Table 4.31: Q21 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 86
Table 4.32: Q22 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 87
Table 4.33: Q23 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 87
Table 4.34: Q24 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 88
Table 4.35: Q25 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 88
Table 4.36: Q26 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 89
Table 4.37: Q27 Frequency …………………………………………………..…… 89
Table 4.38: Q28 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 90
Table 4.39: Q29 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 90
Table 4.40: Q30 Frequency ……………………………………………………….. 91
Table 4.41: Friedman Test…………………………………………………………. 93
Table 4.42: Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test………………………………………….. 94

 

 

LIST OF FIGURES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 4.1. Frequency histogram of scores Q1-Q10 ……………………………….. 63
Figure 4.2. Frequency histogram of scores Q11-Q20……………………………. 64
Figure 4.3. Frequency histogram of scores Q21-Q30………………………….. 65
Figure 4.4. Boxplot of 3 groups of questions ……………………………………… 67
Figure 4.5. Frequency mean comparison of scores Q11-Q20 & Q21-Q30 ……… 71
Figure 4.6. Mean pie chart of Q1-Q10 …………………………………………….. 72
Figure 4.7. Mean pie chart of Q11-Q20 …………………………………………… 73
Figure 4.8. Mean pie chart of Q21-Q30 …………………………………………… 74
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